The Coalition for the Defence of Human Rights of Refugees Living in Camps (CDH/VICAR) issues this public analysis to denounce the growing gap between official UNHCR statements in Tanzania and the harsh realities faced by Burundian refugees on the ground. While UNHCR publicly claims to be “deeply concerned” about the demolition of refugee shelters, these declarations have failed to translate into effective protection. Forced returns to Burundi continue, exposing refugees to grave risks and violating fundamental principles of international refugee law.
The destruction of shelters in refugee camps is not an isolated administrative measure but part of a broader coercive strategy aimed at compelling refugees to accept so-called “voluntary” repatriation. In practice, refugees are subjected to intimidation, restrictions on access to essential services, persistent pressure, and one-sided repatriation campaigns. In such an environment, the notion of free and informed choice is entirely undermined.
Under international law, voluntariness is an absolute and non-negotiable condition for any refugee return. When living conditions are deliberately deteriorated, shelters destroyed, and no viable alternatives offered, return decisions are made under duress. These circumstances amount to forced displacement, regardless of the terminology used in official communications.
CDH/VICAR expresses deep concern over UNHCR’s continued silence regarding ongoing forced returns. Statements of concern that fail to clearly condemn violations risk normalizing abusive practices and eroding the integrity of the international refugee protection system. Refugee protection requires concrete, visible action. States and international actors must uphold their commitments, ensure genuine protection, and immediately put an end to coercive returns of Burundian refugees.
